- : Hologram/Holography :-
Holography is a lens less photography is defined as -
A lens less photography in which the three dimensional image of the object is formed is known as holography and this image is known as hologram .
Each and every part of the hologram has complete information about the object .If hologram has broken then we reconstruct image through a peace of hologram .
Principle of Holography :- The principle of holography is based on the phenomenon of interference between two beams , that is , object beam and reference beam . The incident laser light is split into two beams . One beam reaches the photographic plate after reflection from the object and is called the object beam . The other beam falls on a plane mirror which reflects it towards the photographic plate and is called reference beam . Both reference and object beam having information of amplitude and phase of the light wave interference pattern . This pattern is recorded on the photographic plate which is called hologram , one can reproduce the three dimensional image exactly as object from this hologram .
Construction of Hologram :-
When a laser beam is incident on beam splitter , then beam splitter divided it into two parts , one beam of these divided beams is reached on object and light scattered by the object . Same process apply in case of mirror after this an interference pattern is formed which we get due to superposition of two beams is reached on the photographic plate . This developed plate is known as hologram .
Reconstruction of Hologram :-
In the reconstruction process , the hologram is illuminated by a reconstruction wave . The reconstruction wave after passing through the hologram produces two images . One of them appears at the original position occupied by the object and the other which can be photo-graphic directly without using a lens .
Characteristics of Hologram :-
1- The image constructed by hologram has three - dimensional view and therefore is more realistic than that formed in ordinary photography .
2- Each point on the hologram receives light from all parts of the object and therefore contains information about the geometrical characteristics of the entire image .
3- A hologram may contain a number of consequently recorded scenes that can be recorded independently .
4- A hologram copied from another by contact printing would be identical in all respects that produced by the original .
Applications of Holography :-
1- Security - Holography is widely used for security purpose in many currencies , credit cards , bank cards as well as DVDs .
2- Data Storage - Holography can be used to store information at high density inside crystals or photo-polymers.
3- To Detect Optical Path - Holography can also used to detect optical path length variations in transparent media .
4- Engineering Structures - Holography can also be used to measure stress , strain and vibration in engineering structures .
5- It is used to make a hologram of any wave .
6- It is used to study the electric and magnetic field in thin film .
Holography is a lens less photography is defined as -
A lens less photography in which the three dimensional image of the object is formed is known as holography and this image is known as hologram .
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| Image Source : Google |
Each and every part of the hologram has complete information about the object .If hologram has broken then we reconstruct image through a peace of hologram .
Principle of Holography :- The principle of holography is based on the phenomenon of interference between two beams , that is , object beam and reference beam . The incident laser light is split into two beams . One beam reaches the photographic plate after reflection from the object and is called the object beam . The other beam falls on a plane mirror which reflects it towards the photographic plate and is called reference beam . Both reference and object beam having information of amplitude and phase of the light wave interference pattern . This pattern is recorded on the photographic plate which is called hologram , one can reproduce the three dimensional image exactly as object from this hologram .
Construction of Hologram :-
When a laser beam is incident on beam splitter , then beam splitter divided it into two parts , one beam of these divided beams is reached on object and light scattered by the object . Same process apply in case of mirror after this an interference pattern is formed which we get due to superposition of two beams is reached on the photographic plate . This developed plate is known as hologram .
Reconstruction of Hologram :-
In the reconstruction process , the hologram is illuminated by a reconstruction wave . The reconstruction wave after passing through the hologram produces two images . One of them appears at the original position occupied by the object and the other which can be photo-graphic directly without using a lens .
Characteristics of Hologram :-
1- The image constructed by hologram has three - dimensional view and therefore is more realistic than that formed in ordinary photography .
2- Each point on the hologram receives light from all parts of the object and therefore contains information about the geometrical characteristics of the entire image .
3- A hologram may contain a number of consequently recorded scenes that can be recorded independently .
4- A hologram copied from another by contact printing would be identical in all respects that produced by the original .
Applications of Holography :-
1- Security - Holography is widely used for security purpose in many currencies , credit cards , bank cards as well as DVDs .
2- Data Storage - Holography can be used to store information at high density inside crystals or photo-polymers.
3- To Detect Optical Path - Holography can also used to detect optical path length variations in transparent media .
4- Engineering Structures - Holography can also be used to measure stress , strain and vibration in engineering structures .
5- It is used to make a hologram of any wave .
6- It is used to study the electric and magnetic field in thin film .
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